The Science Behind Acupuncture: How It Works
Acupuncture is often viewed as an ancient, mysterious art, but there’s a growing body of scientific research that reveals how acupuncture works at a physiological level. At Harmon Acupuncture in Omaha, Nebraska, I believe in demystifying for curious and skeptical minds by blending traditional practices with an understanding of the science behind them. This can help clients experience both the mystery and the measurable benefits of acupuncture energetics. Here, we’ll dive into the science of how acupuncture works and what it does for the body.
1. The Basics: What Is Acupuncture?
Acupuncture is a practice rooted in ancient classical and traditional Chinese Medicine that involves inserting thin, sterile needles into specific points on the body, called acupuncture points. These points are situated along pathways called meridians, which act like waterways (rivers, streams, etc) which channel energy or "Qi" (pronounced “chee”) throughout the body. By stimulating these points, acupuncture balances the flow of Qi, promoting health and healing.
Qi flows through the body along pathways called meridians, similar to how electrical currents flow through wires. Meridians connect different organs and energetic systems, maintaining balance and health. Qi can be compared to electromagnetic force: both are seen as forms of energy that influence physiological functions. Electromagnetic fields are scientifically proven to affect cellular processes, nerve activity, and overall body functions, much like howhealthy Qi flow is said to influence health and vitality.
Research shows that acupuncture supports the body's natural healing processes by influencing various physiological systems, including the nervous, endocrine, and immune systems. Acupuncture also nurtures mental and emotional well-being, honoring the deep connection between mind, body, and spirit—a unity recognized in many traditional healing models, where these aspects are seen as inseparable parts of a greater whole.
2. The Nervous System and the Pain Body: How Acupuncture Relieves Pain
One of the most well-documented effects of acupuncture is pain relief, and the secret lies in the nervous system. When an acupuncture needle is inserted, it activates the body’s pain receptors.. This triggers a response in the nervous system that releases endorphins and enkephalins—natural pain-relieving chemicals. Endorphins not only reduce pain but also contribute to an overall feeling of well-being, and sometimes euphoria.
Acupuncture also stimulates nerves to signal the brain to release neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine, which improve mood, reduce stress, and offer relief from depression and anxiety. These responses help explain why patients often feel relaxed or “elevated” after an acupuncture session.
3. Blood Flow and Inflammation: Acupuncture’s Role in Healing
Acupuncture improves blood circulation by widening blood vessels and increasing blood flow to areas in need of healing. In Chinese medicine, Qi and Blood are closely interconnected, and flow together throughout the body. Enhanced blood flow delivers more oxygen, nutrients, and immune cells to damaged tissues, accelerating the healing process. Enhanced Qi flow acts as a gentle healer and cleanser, nourishing and revitalizing every system within the body.This is particularly beneficial for those dealing with chronic and acute pain, injuries, inflammation, or conditions like arthritis (among many many more), wherein Qi has become stagnant.
By regulating Qi and blood flow, and reducing inflammation, acupuncture has the potential to alleviate both acute and chronic conditions, making it a valuable tool for pain management and recovery.
4. The Immune System: Supporting the Body’s Defense Mechanisms
Studies have shown that acupuncture can enhance immune response by increasing the production of white blood cells and boosting the activity of natural killer (NK) cells, which are essential for fighting off infections. This immune-boosting effect makes acupuncture an excellent choice for supporting wellness during cold and flu season or when the body is under stress.
Additionally, acupuncture helps regulate inflammation by balancing pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines (proteins that signal immune responses). By doing so, it prevents excessive inflammation and supports a balanced immune response.
Wei Qi, often referred to as "defensive Qi" in Chinese medicine, is the body's protective energy that circulates at the surface, guarding against external pathogens like wind, cold, and other environmental factors, viruses, bacteria, etc,. It flows primarily in the skin and muscles, creating a shield that supports immunity and helps maintain balance within. Wei Qi is closely linked with the Lung and Spleen systems of CHinese Medicine and is strengthened by good nutrition, rest, and balanced emotions.
5. Hormonal Balance and Stress: Acupuncture’s Impact on the Endocrine System
The endocrine system, which produces hormones that regulate sleep, stress, digestion, and mood, also responds positively to acupuncture. Research shows that acupuncture can stimulate the hypothalamus and pituitary glands—parts of the brain responsible for regulating hormones like cortisol (the stress hormone) and melatonin (a hormone essential for sleep).
By balancing cortisol levels, acupuncture helps the body better handle stress. Additionally, increased melatonin production can improve sleep quality, which is crucial for physical and mental recovery.
For those struggling with hormonal imbalances, acupuncture can be a gentle, natural way to support the endocrine system. This makes it especially valuable for those managing conditions like insomnia, PMS, menopause symptoms, or fertility challenges.
6. The Placebo Effect and Beyond
Some skeptics argue that acupuncture’s effects might be largely placebo-driven. However, numerous studies show that acupuncture often provides results beyond what a placebo could achieve. While it’s true that the mind plays a powerful role in healing, acupuncture’s tangible effects on the nervous system, immune system, and circulation indicate that its impact is more than psychological. My teacher used to say “It works on babies and animals!”
7. Modern Research and Future Discoveries
Modern Science continues to research how acupuncture works, and its applications for different conditions. Studies using MRI technology show that acupuncture stimulates specific brain regions related to pain and emotion, adding more weight to the idea that acupuncture is effective for both physical and mental health. Not to mention the myriad of studies done in China for so many years that are not translated or accessible to Western readers.
With ongoing research, we’re constantly discovering new ways acupuncture can benefit health. Whether it’s helping with chronic pain, digestive issues, or mental health, science supports acupuncture’s ability to improve quality of life.
Experience the Benefits of Acupuncture at Harmon Acupuncture
Understanding how acupuncture works can help you approach each session with a sense of trust and excitement. At Harmon Acupuncture, I combine the best of Classical and Traditional Chinese Medicine with a deep appreciation for modern scientific insights, making each session a blend of ancient wisdom and proven effectiveness.
~Libba
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